This crops out the page number and page titles, leaving just the figure and white borders.crop will trim the image to the rectangle 1238×1422, with the top-left corner at (0, 99).quality is the output JPG quality (I used 90 to reduce size without a visible difference).only grabs pages 62 through 248, which is all of Appendix 2.density is used to specify the DPI of the output images (from the guide mentioned above).convert changes the image format from PDF to JPG ( docs).convert -density 150 instrument_rating_akts.pdf -quality 90 -crop 1238x1422+0+99 -fuzz 30% -trim output.jpg I first found this solution, which only needed a few additions to cover my use case.Īfter installing ImageMagick, I ran this command. Thank you! What About the Plausibly Useful Idea? Please leave comments on any slides where you have questions or suggestions. If you’re an instrument student (or just looking to refresh your memory), I hope you find them useful! įor those I did review, though, I made notes on observations and useful resources to learn more. I reviewed about half of the 196 figures on the instrument knowledge test before realizing this wasn’t the best way to study. It’s worth a slow read to familiarize yourself with what information you’ll have with you in the testing room. Appendix 1Īppendix 1 covers how to read the Chart Supplement, SIDs, STARs, DPs, airport diagrams, and IFR En Route Low Altitude charts. The Instrument Procedures Handbook and AIM Ch. That said, it’s definitely worth knowing you’re way around these charts. Appendix 1 includes legends for all of these.The variety of questions is too great to promise an easy point.There are two reasons this post doesn’t cover SIDs, STARs, DPs, or airport diagrams: After determining which systems and instruments to trust, recover the aircraft from the unusual attitude.If only a single instrument disagrees, that may be the only failure.If several instruments of a single system disagree, that whole system may be impacted.Next, identify if it’s a system failure or a single instrument failure. ![]() By comparing the attitude indicator with both rate-of-turn and VSI, you can identify which instrument disagrees.Two show bank (attitude/rate-of-turn), two show pitch (attitude/VSI), and all three are based on a different system (attitude=vacuum, rate-of-turn=electrical, VSI=static).Start with the attitude indicator, the rate-of-turn indicator, and the vertical speed indicator (VSI).Here’s a general approach for these figures: After identifying the broken system, the figure can be used to test unusual attitude recovery. It requires you to think about the systems behind each instrument to determine which is broken. This type of figure hints at the first fundamental skill of instrument flight: cross-check. Figure 146: Instrument Sequence (System Failed) ![]() Figure 88: CDI and OBS IndicatorsĬourse deviations indicators (CDIs) show angular deviation from a selected course.Ĭheck out Instrument Flying Handbook Ch. That said, I won’t spend more time on them here since the icons’ meanings are available in Appendix 1, Legend 34 (IFR En Route Low Altitude). This particular IFR Chart covers a lot of distinct icons: localizer back course, change over points (COP), minimum reception altitude (MRA), and more. Figure 87: En Route Low-Altitude Chart Segment By interpreting the instruments, you should be able to determine your location on a chart. This figure is an example of a “where is the aircraft?” type of question. Figure 87/88: CDI/OBS Indicators with IFR Chart These are the instrument knowledge test figures I found most useful to study. Instrument interpretation is the second of the three fundamental skills for instrument flight. And don’t forget the visibility (LIFR -> VFR) legend at the bottom of the figure! Want to know more? I found the weather symbols guide, GFA user guide, and wind barbs overview most useful.
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